Bridging the gap between single- and multi-model predictive runtime verification

Abstract This paper presents an extension of the Predictive Runtime Verification (PRV) paradigm to consider multiple models System Under Analysis (SUA). We call this Multi-Model PRV. Typically, PRV attempts predict satisfaction or violation a property based on trace and (single) formal model SUA. However, contemporary node- component-based systems (e.g. robotic systems) may benefit from monitoring each component. show how approach can be applied in either centralised compositional way (where is compositional), as best suits Crucially, our formalism-agnostic. demonstrate using illustrative example Mars Curiosity rover simulation evaluate contribution via prototype implementation.